Developed countries Essay Example for Free

Created nations Essay One of their inconveniences is the much-touted wonder of globalization. This is truly being full down the third world throat which is as of now over-stifled with Western scum. Everyone realizes that it is a Western ploy for self-advancement, yet the shameless mentality of the West to bundle it as a selective gift for the overflowing a large number of the creating scene is abnormal. Some time ago individuals masked even a gift which in actuality need no camouflage; they have probably some spot of respectability in them. However, presently even a revile is being swaggered as a prudence. However, the realities get out various shots. The entire arrangement is a Western connivance against the creating scene and might demonstrate the last sign of its almost certain demise. Jan Nederveen Pieterse (2004) is of the view that â€Å"While worldwide financial incorporation has become over the previous decades, worldwide imbalance has expanded. In an unmistakable crack with the example over earlier decades, worldwide imbalance has expanded forcefully since the 1980s. † There is currently little uncertainty that globalization of the world is inescapable. In view of the supernatural developments set in by innovation separations are dissolving like anti-inflamatory medicine in a bowl of water, correspondence is getting moment as the squint of natural eye and choices are being taken in split seconds over the globe. When all is said in done term, it is this contracting of existence that can be characterized as globalization. At some point or another, the globe must be a tiny effectively available spot. Increasingly suspect is the scramble with which globalization is being demolished into the third world. It took the Europeans the greater part a century to show up at a sensible accord for making an European Union but they permit just a bunch of countries to go along with it. The financially steady European nations don't permit the desperate nations to go along with them except if and until they upscale their expectations for everyday comforts. This necessity is intended to guarantee that when the hindrances of movement, exchange, capital stream out and other hindrances are lifted, there are no mass disarrays which may undermine set up society and expectations for everyday comforts of the rich countries. On the off chance that they are careful about a created region like Europe, why they are not stressed over what will happen when hindrances are destroyed between peculiar nations like Somalia and focuses of tranquility like Australia? The rich nations are not stressed in light of the fact that their image of globalization is an oppressed world not at all like the European Union. The main boundaries they wish to snap through the World Trade Organization are those which have been raised by the third world for the padding of their industry and exchange from the further developed and created nations. There isn't so much as a little reference to the obstructions raised by rich nations to pre-empt movement. On the opposite rigid laws are being forced to guarantee that the comfortable way of life of their social orders isn't disturbed by workers from the ‘cash-clipped’ nations. The West is clearly particular and its facade of libertarianism is just a distraction to shroud its increasingly vile goals. For instance, it will never cede to the destruction of specific boundaries, â€Å"even however damnation should bar the way†. These are the hindrances for the exchange of innovation, simple access to capital, equivalent chance, organizations and a large group of different obstructions whose maintenance gives the West an edge over the East. It is no denying the way that globalization is exceptionally useful for the created nations. It will diminished the status of poor nations to that of providers of crude materials while the created nations will laugh at them and will utilize this crude material to fill the stomachs of their consistently ravenous enterprises.. The industrialist free brokers are currently not deprived to contend with the socialists thus they have quit indicating an inviting face. Their avarice knows no limits. They searched for nations which had contended energetically to pick up autonomy; next thing they need of them is to surrender that valuable freedom, to get rid of their outskirts, to permit the entrepreneurs free access to do what they like to the economies of these neediness stricken nations. This term is given the name of free rivalry by the business people of the created world. As they combine and get one another, they become colossal goliaths against whom the private companies in poor people and creating nations won't have the option to contend. Presently, what is the importance of rivalry in the event that you can't succeed at all at long last? A couple of these enormous monsters will control the economy of the entire world. Also, it is a miserable thing that they are not above cheating and defilement.

Gardners Theory of Multiple Intelligence Essay Example for Free

Gardners Theory of Multiple Intelligence Essay Numerous years back it was very regular to name somebody with a high IQ as a â€Å"genius† or as being more insightful than others. Albert Einstein is one of those men who were named as a virtuoso in light of all that he had achieved at such a youthful age. Unquestionably, Einstein’s smarts were amazingly momentous, however records show that he was not the best understudy. In spite of the fact that Einstein scored very well in zones like Math and Physics, it has been noticed that in regions like semantics, he didn't exceed expectations (Albert Einstein, 2005). Does this make Einstein, any to a lesser degree a virtuoso? As indicated by Howard Gardner’s hypothesis of various insights, a person’s knowledge isn’t fundamentally estimated in government sanctioned testing or school grades. Gardner recognizes that each person’s learning style is unique, so the insight could exceed expectations in any of the eight styles: Linguistic, Musical, Logical, Naturalistic, Visual, Kinesthetic, Interpersonal, and Intrapersonal (Kowalski Westen, 2011). This implies somebody like Ludwig van Beethoven who might not have been as insightful as Albert Einstein, can even now be viewed as a virtuoso because of his melodic knowledge. The eight distinct insights depicted by Gardner are what he accepted to be the eight qualities in which an individual can learn. Gardner accepted that since everybody can learn in one of these eight distinct styles, at that point they could exceed expectations in any of the individual fields. An individual who has a phonetic knowledge is portrayed as somebody who uses words and correspondence successfully. An individual with phonetic knowledge would have great sound-related aptitudes, and makes an interpretation of everything into words or discourse. Then again, somebody who has the learning style of spatial knowledge would be generally alright with designs, physical symbolism, and visuals (Campbell, 1992). Notwithstanding, somebody with an inclination to the sensation style of learning would be generally OK with being hands on. They learn by doing, contacting, and anything that includes physical movement, in this way their insight may peer progressively like carrying on, or pretending. Another learning style of various insights portrayed by Gardner is naturalistic. Somebody who has a naturalistic style of learning is more on top of their environmental factors, and center a great deal with what nature is giving them. The naturalistic knowledge was not added to the numerous insights until some other time. Gardner’s hypothesis was acquainted with naturalistic in light of the nature versus sustain banter, in which an individual gains from their environmental factors, or condition in which they are in (Sulaiman, Hassan, Yi, 2011). One of the greater learning styles in Gardner’s hypothesis is that of intrapersonal and relational. Intrapersonal is that wherein an individual gains from themselves. Somebody who minds their own business and doesn't get socially included (Campbell, 1992). On the total di verse range, is the relational learning style. Like an extrovert, relational alludes to somebody who cooperates with other people, appreciates working in groups, main focus, and simply like they look for consideration of others, others look for their consideration also. I for one relate to the relational school of learning the best out of the entirety of the insights in Gardner’s hypothesis. I for the most part function admirably when joined by others. I am a cooperative person, and group pioneer. Others for the most part look to me for exhortation, and I will in general convey my best outcomes, when working with others. This is the insight that is generally credited with the slang term of â€Å"street smarts† (Sulaiman, Hassan, Yi, 2011). Having had sports for a major impact of my life, I will in general convey my musings as a group. I convey the group and make a point to comprehend everybody in the group. I generally consider others first, and having that one on one association is generally critical to me. All thr ough my profession, I have wound up to be in influential positions much of the time, in light of the fact that numerous other people who are not reinforce by the relational knowledge feel as though I can lead better because of the accentuation I put on collaboration, and my sufficient degree of correspondence with the whole group. In the work place I have discovered this very accommodating, and it has helped me gotten extremely fruitful. The two different insights plot in Gardner’s hypothesis are that of melodic and consistent, or numerical. Melodic knowledge is alluded to an individual when they can relate everything to a beat, or grouping. Somebody who has melodic insight is additionally mindful of the sounds and music space in their environmental factors. Somebody with melodic insight would know about dichotic tuning in, and comprehend the significance of clamor (Kowalski Westen, 2011). Music is a major piece of my life, what I do, and how I do it. I can recall growing up and not having the option to rest until music was playing out of sight. I end up being practically adversely affected by very. I will in general accomplish my best work when it is possible that I have music playing out of sight, or if the TV is on. While in school, I generally got myself while contemplating, to be singing. I will in general partner rhyme and musicality to a ton of the new things that I learn. As indicated by Gardner, someb ody who has a melodic knowledge is touchy to sound, and could hear music, or discover the beat to anything, even before the words are verbally expressed (Campbell, 1992). The last knowledge in Gardner’s hypothesis is sensible insight, or most regularly known as scientific knowledge (Sulaiman, Hassan, Yi, 2011). Somebody who possesses the sensible knowledge are said to think uniquely. They generally need to learn and shape ideas before they can manage subtleties. They compute results, appreciate working the psyche in the way that truly utilizes the prefrontal vortex more than some other knowledge. Somebody with consistent reasoning is accepted to be somebody who takes as much time as necessary to break down every single imaginable condition, and work the issue for an answer. This sort of individual preferences riddles and word games to invigorate the mind. I recognize myself similar to a legitimate mastermind because of the way that one of my qualities is to be expository. Albert Einstein was accepted to have a place in this insight field, because of his work in science and material science. I discover my knowledge to not be at the degree of Einstein using any and all means, however I do identify with his prior work being capable in the math field over the etymological (Albert Einstein, 2005 ). Since English isn't my first language, experiencing childhood in the United States, going to class was hard for me, yet numbers turned into my place of refuge. Having learned numbers at an exceptionally youthful age (as indicated by my educators, I realized how to include and take away when I was 3) I get myself most pulled in to callings in which logical reasoning is required. Having filled in as a District Investigator, it was expected of me to take a gander at desk work and recognize the misrepresentation, or distinguish the burglary by finding the examples, or the number succession. A major an aspect of my responsibilities was to break down exchanges, and contrast them with video pictures. Things are in every case better disclosed to me whenever separated into designs. Despite the fact that Gardner isolated the insights into eight separate classes, his hypothesis accepted that an individual doesn't simply command one knowledge, yet rather takes a piece from the entirety of the insights on the whole. Much the same as it could be plainly distinguished that Albert Einstein that ruled the intelligent knowledge, his work shows that he may have had the intrapersonal insight just as the spatial knowledge (Campbell, 1992). Gardner accepted that the insight of somebody couldn't really be estimated, by testing, yet for the most part by lessons, and learning styles. I feel as though I most relate to melodic knowledge, legitimate insight, and relational knowledge. My profession so far would recommend that these fields have brought me much achievement, yet in my ongoing vocation change from Criminal Justice to Psychology, I will in all probability figure out how to space in the phonetic and spatial insight.

PTSD and Fear of Public Speaking

PTSD and Fear of Public Speaking PTSD Coping Print PTSD and Fear of Public Speaking By Matthew Tull, PhD twitter Matthew Tull, PhD is a professor of psychology at the University of Toledo, specializing in post-traumatic stress disorder. Learn about our editorial policy Matthew Tull, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on June 24, 2019 Sean Warren/E/Getty Images More in PTSD Coping Causes Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Related Conditions PTSD and the Military Many people with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)  have a fear of speaking in public. This is a form of  social anxiety. These fears can have a tremendous impact on a persons level of success at work or at school. Someone with a fear of public speaking may avoid jobs, classes or situations where they have to present in front of other people. But you can overcome these fears, even if you are also dealing with PTSD. People who fear public speaking often beat themselves up over these fears. However, if you fear public speaking, its important to remember that these fears make sense. When youre speaking in front of a crowd, youre vulnerable. This can be very frightening for someone with PTSD. In addition, you may be afraid that people will evaluate you negatively. You may even fear a positive evaluation  because if people think you did a good job, they might expect that youll always perform at that level. You fear that a new standard has been set that will be difficult to keep up. Tips for Public Speaking With PTSD Fortunately, you can learn to overcome your fears. Here are some tips for people dealing with PTSD and  fears  of public speaking. This advice can help you better manage your anxiety over public speaking, as well as improve your confidence when you are speaking in front of others. Recognize and validate your anxiety.  Anxiety is normal when people engage in public speaking. Accepting the anxiety and being willing to experience it will prevent it from growing and potentially interfering with your presentation. “Willing” yourself to relax or trying to push the anxiety down will only distract you and increase your anxious arousal. Remember, no one in the audience knows how youre feeling on the inside.Breathe. Before you begin talking, take some time to focus your attention on your breathing. This can reduce your anxiety and keep you focused before you present.Release muscle tension. Don’t clench your fists or lock your knees. Use hand gestures.  If you notice that youre tensing up, move around. Movement also helps with breathing.Focus on your message, not your body.  When people are speaking in public, they often focus on their internal sensations or whether theyre blushing, shaking, etc. When were speaking in public, small body movements or small changes i n our body are intensified. What might feel like a great amount of trembling or shaking to us is likely unnoticeable or minor to our audience.  The more we focus on these experiences, the stronger they will get and the more our anxiety will interfere with our message.Practice. Obviously, practice is important when giving a speech. However, people often practice in the wrong way. People often practice speeches by going through exactly what they want to say, almost to the point of memorizing the presentation. This is setting you up to fail. During the speech, if you deviate from what you practiced or memorized, you might become derailed, causing your anxiety to spike. Practice going through concepts, not words. Become familiar with the main points you want the audience to take home. These main points can be delivered in a number of different ways.Have water available. This can help with dry mouth, but it also gives you an opportunity to take a breath if you need to during your speech. Avoid caffeine or sugary liquids.Plan breaks in your presentation. Ask if anyone has any questions. Even if no one has any questions, this gives you the opportunity to breathe and collect your thoughts. You can also direct questions to people in the audience as a way of giving yourself a break.Try to avoid using notes. When there is too much on a note card, people often rely too heavily on them and lose their connection with the audience. If you use note cards, just include brief bullet points.Act confident. Speak with conviction and act confident even if you don’t feel that way. Your emotions will eventually catch up with how youre presenting.Maintain sincere eye contact with different members of the audience. If youre in a large room, it can help to break the room up into sections and direct your eyes to these different areas of the room through the presentation.Be flexible with your attention. When giving a presentation, its normal to lock attention on someone who is providing negative facial feedback. Its also normal to interpret this as an indication that were not being successful in delivering our message. In truth, we have no idea as to what that individual is responding to. Have a more expansive awareness of the room. Notice people who are also providing positive facial feedback.Be mindful when you start a presentation. People sometimes become overwhelmed when they start a presentation because they feel as though they have so much to get through. Focus your attention on the present and effectively delivering your message for each part of your presentation.Plan ahead. If there is a possibility that you could be short on time, plan ahead what can be cut out. Also, decide in advance how you can respond to questions that may be asked, especially questions that you dont know how to answer.Be familiar with your location. If youre unfamiliar with where you are giving a presentation, try to arrive early to get a lay of the land. The more familiar you are wi th the location, the less unprepared you will feel.Practice self-care. Eat well that day. Get enough sleep the night before. And, again, limit caffeine. The Importance of Practice Public speaking fears can be difficult to overcome, especially if you have PTSD. Therefore, dont expect these tips to bring about an immediate reduction in your anxiety. They require repeated practice. It may also be useful to start out with short presentations in front of people you feel comfortable with. Try to practice these tips when you feel less anxious. That way, you can become more comfortable with using them. Although you may not get relief immediately, with repeated practice and exposure to public speaking, your fears can be overcome.

Essay On Socrates On Happiness - 1594 Words

The pursuit of happiness is a timeless and ageless endeavor. Since the beginning of time people have searched far and wide for the source of happiness. Even the greatest minds attempt to discover the basis of all human contentment. The father of philosophy, Socrates, was one of those few that might have unearthed the key to human happiness. His understanding shaped the way that the western world sees pleasure, joy, and happiness. His views on how to obtain them are still alive today. Socrates lived in Athens, Greece for the entirety of his life (B.C. 469-399). His main objective in life was to teach people how to think critically about questions concerning truth, justice, and happiness. He believed that an unexamined life is a life not†¦show more content†¦He recommended gaining a rational control over one’s desires, these desires being those that can be harmful to life such as: lust, greed, pride, and power. He argued that the key to human happiness is to turn away f rom the body and towards the soul. He said that harmonizing the different parts of the soul would produce a divine-like state of inner tranquility that the external world could not alter. A moral life is to be preferred to an immoral life. This view of happiness is linked to other concepts such as justice, virtue, and the ultimate meaning of human existence. Living a moral and just life would lead to a happier life. In the Euthydemus (which was written by Plato in B.C. 384), Socrates presents an argument as to what happiness is. Socrates is concerned with establishing two main points: 1) Happiness is what all human beings/rational beings desire. It is always the end (goal) of our activities, it is an unconditional good. 2) Happiness does not solely depend on external things, but rather on how those particular things are used. For example, a wise human being will use their money in a way that will benefit them or make them happy. An ignorant person on the other hand will be wasteful and use their money poorly and thus ending up even worse than before. This example shows us that money, in and of itself, will not make us happy. But rather, money is a conditional good but only when it is in the hands of the wise person. This argument can be used inShow MoreRelatedEssay about Socrates Views on Virtue and Happiness1049 Words   |  5 Pagesphilosopher is Socrates. Born in Athens in 469 B.C.E, he spent most of his time at the marketplace and other public places engaging in dialogues about truths of life. Among many other things, he discussed virtue and happiness and how closely they are related. According to Socrates, virtue is absolutely necessary for perfect happiness because virtue brings a type of happiness that other things could never bring. In this paper, I will explain the aforementioned idea of Socrate s on virtue and happiness and throughRead MoreMy Understanding Of Philosophy And Philosophy1490 Words   |  6 Pagesunderstanding of what philosophy was, and knew little about Aristotle, Socrates, and other well-known philosophers. I also thought that Aesop’s Fables were true and loved to read them as a little girl, even though they did not make complete sense to me at the time. As I worked my way through PHIL 200, I began to broaden my knowledge of this area of life study, and to appreciate the different viewpoints on the presented topics. Throughout this essay, I will explain the difference between my â€Å"basic understanding†Read MoreSocrates s Argument At 30a B Of The Apology1386 Words   |  6 PagesEssay #1 In this paper I will argue that Socrates’s argument at 30a-b of the Apology that the best possible state of the soul is the most important thing in life means to eliminate false beliefs and to have virtue. Specifically, I will show why Socrates wants to eliminate false beliefs and why he insist on having virtue is important in life. Then I will demonstrate why Socrates’ argument is incorrect because he fails to identify the true catalyst that drives his happiness. I conclude Socrates’sRead MoreAnalysis Of Plato s Republic And The Letter Of The City Essay1328 Words   |  6 Pagesabout justice and if it something that is just in itself. This essay is meant to shine light on three of the key concepts – (1) He has succeeded in Thrasymachus’s challenge, (2) being just provides more happiness than being unjust, and (3) the letter of the city is irrelevant and does not help his case. Thrasymachus’s theory is that there is no benefit to being just and that benefit would only com to the powerful. However, Socrates puts down this theory by proving that it is in every human’s interestRead MoreJustice Is The Best Choice For Its Own Sake1307 Words   |  6 PagesPlato’s Republic, is a classic philosophical novel that covers many points and topics regarding philosophy. One of these main points includes justice. In this essay I will be answering the question of whether justice in soul is choice worthy for its own sake. While this topic is quite complex, I will use a mixture of personal analysis as well as evidence from the book itself to assert that justice in soul is the best choice for its own sake. In the following paragraphs I will discuss what justiceRead MoreSocial And Political Thought1722 Words   |  7 Pagesdevitalize our personal freedom, however, according to Socrates; regulation is necessary in order to experience â€Å"genuine freedo m†. In the Republic, Socrates discusses his tripartite regime in which promotes optimal justice and happiness for its citizens. However, if we fully accept Socrates’ republic, this does not necessarily mean we have to reject democracy entirely. This idea will be furthered explored throughout the entirety of this essay. While Socrates describes democracy as the â€Å"fairest† regime, heRead MoreSocrates, Plato, And Aristotle900 Words   |  4 Pagesdefined. There are many philosophers that have many different views and opinions on philosophy. In this essay, I will be talking about the three great philosophers: Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle and how they help to define what exactly philosophy is. These three Greek philosophers represent the birthplace of Western philosophy and help to shed some light on the actual meaning of the term. Socrates is from about 400 B.C. His final destination was simple. He wanted to assist others so that they couldRead MoreThe Meaning of Life According to Socrates, Epicurus, and Me1794 Words   |  7 PagesLife According to Socrates, Epicurus, and I The Meaning of Life According to Socrates, Epicurus, and I The two philosophers I chose to examine for the purposes of this paper/exercise are Socrates and Epicurus. As stated, these men were exclusively philosophers, while they were also writers and theorists. I chose Socrates because he is a fundamental fixture in Western philosophy. He is respected and read by scholars and professionals all around the world for centuries. Socrates is one of the mostRead MorePlato And St. Augustine1090 Words   |  5 Pagesas a world of forms, ideas or concepts. Plato argued that conduct comes from a reference to this world of forms. By this argument, there is an eternal idea or form of each moral principle, such as justice, piety or truth. This essay will discuss the ethics of Plato, Socrates and St. Augustine According to Plato, evil is simply the result of ignorance. He believed that all people are attempting to do what they understand as good. He believes there are three parts of the soul. There is a rational andRead MoreSpeech Analysis : The Apology 858 Words   |  4 Pagesto the eye, this speech isn’t even an apology, and it’s more of defense speech. Socrates uses the speech to defend his accusations against him. In the story, â€Å"The Apology† Socrates is on trial for accusation like, â€Å"corrupting the youth† and â€Å"impiety.† Through this following essay, According the following: what Socrates means of knowledge or wisdom and why he thought that knowledge/wisdom was the best means of happiness and perfecting the soul, what kind of knowledge is the best, how did he react to

“The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock” by T.S. Eliot is a...

â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† by T.S. Eliot is a widely studied and analyzed modernist poem. This poem is one that many high school students are subjected to, leading to an overall displeasure for â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock.† However, those that revisit the poem are more inclined to enjoy and analyze the poem, finding an interest in the character of J. Alfred Prufrock. Charles C. Walcutt is one of the many individuals fueled to provide a deeper analysis of this text and in his contribution to the November edition of College English, an essay entitled â€Å"Eliots The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock,† he addresses his impression that the â€Å"Love Song† portion of â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† has been neglected and what†¦show more content†¦He is on the boarders of society and can never quite step inside. He realizes that he is not meant to be popular or the star of the show. Prufrock is content to be of any use, complaisant in his position. He states that he could almost even be considered a Fool. He is caught in a cyclical mental state, always hypersensitive to anything that draws his attention back to his aging body. He can hear the song of the mermaids calling out and knows that it is not him that they seek, for they have no reason to desire him. In the November 1957 edition of College English, a professional journal for college professors, Charles Child Walcutt offered an interesting approach to â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock,† published in the section of the journal entitled Round Table, an area for discussion and comment on live topics. In his discussion of the poem, titled â€Å"Eliots The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock,† Walcutt addresses the neglect of the â€Å"love song† part of the poem title. According to Walcutt, the majority of analyses in regards to the â€Å"love song† portion of â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock† focus on Prufrock’s exclusive fixation on himself. Walcutt proposes that Prufrock is, in all actuality, planning to propose marriage to the woman with the shawl that he observes in the ninth stanza. Walcutt suggests that this is the question that Prufrock has been trying to gain the courage to ask, yet shies away from. On the day the reader is witnessing, he says that

Final Business Plan Free Essays

string(109) " Thus giving Swiff Electrons the operation to be very profitable once the right marketing approach is taken\." [pic] University of Technology Jamaica Entrepreneurial Skills Business Plan Business Idea: Spot Charge Group: B. Eng. 2M (ca) Date: April 11, 2007Group members Lecturer: Mr. We will write a custom essay sample on Final Business Plan or any similar topic only for you Order Now Clive GrossettDexroy Jones Dwayne McIntoch Mckay Kirkpatrick Binns Calford Ramsay Keon Hinds (3M art) Executive Summary ________________________________________ †¢ Introduction Swiff Electronics is a start-up cell phone accessory and electronic distribution company. Its strategy is to provide all cell phone users who have continuous dead battery while engaging in an important call or entertaining entertainment selection. It will capitalize on the intricate engineering design and manufactured product that is capable of recharge a cell phone. There are many untapped potential markets within this industry, as the desire for high-quality; stylish goods that are convenient, affordable, and easily sourced are in great demand. It is the firm’s intention to import products from the leaders of electronic, Teqtronics and introduce it to a target population within Jamaica’s Metropolitan or corporate area and to make Swiff Electronic a house hold name customer come to know and trust. To do this the company’s long-term goals are to achieve a 20% market share in the Jamaica’s build brand image and brand equity through marketing, achieve a sustainable 55% profit margin, and eventually produce our very own luxury product in addition to the initial, moderately-priced line. †¢ The company Swiff Electronic is a limited liability corporation in which the sourcing of the product offered â€Å"Spot Charge† is done internationally while the marketing and sales are focused in and around the corporate areas of Kingston Jamaica, for short term purposes. Ownership is divided among five principal individuals who are putting up the initial investment. These include: Dexroy Jone – Managing Director, Keon Hinds – head of Finance and administration, Calford Ramsay Head of Marketing and Human Resources, Dwayne McKay McIntoch Head of Product Development and Kirkpatrick Binns Head of Operations. The First outlet of Swiff Electronics will be located at 13 Duke Street, Down Town Kingston, Jamaica. The present location is approximately 700 square meters and should be large enough for the first three years of the company’s growth. The portable Chargers will be stored at the Duke Street location and will be dispatched to different location based on demand and agreement signed with our feature business partners. †¢ The product The initial product line will depict the full effect of the product that will be offered, inclusive of a range of different colors and possibility the opportunity to personalize. The company plans to release more models, which will be integrated as we aim to give customs a wide selection to choose from. The pricing strategy will be to initially undercut our main competitors by selling at a minimal profit, using a market penetration strategy. Then, pricing will be adjusted to be directly competitive with the other major competitors. The price per Spot Charge is expected to be unbelievably affordable. †¢ The market Entry into the telecommunication/electronics industry comes at a prosperous time. Over the past two years, the purchases of cell phone have increased vastly and the trend is expected to continue once the cell phone manufactures continues to introduce new features to their designs. This will only adversely widen our market as individual continues to seek charge â€Å"Where ever, when ever†. One of the most important recent trends is that cell phone users are willing to spend higher amounts on their phones because of the enhanced image appeal and reliability. Therefore, a company that can build a substantial brand image in this industry gains a significant competitive advantage. It is the aim of Swiff Electronics to capitalize on its high quality and reasonable price while pursuing the innovative styles necessary for brand building. †¢ Financial The company’s start up costs will be $ . Owners equity will be provide $ , $ will consist of short-term borrowing, and the rest will be long-term loans. The majority of the start-up costs will consist of rent, research and development, initial inventory, and a strong cash account. Mission Statement ____________________________________ Swiff Electronics mission is simple and straightforward: †¢ Purpose – Swiff Electronics exists to provide a faster, more reliable source of power for all mobile phone users. Swiff Electronics sells solutions results! †¢ Vision – By providing fast response, informed expertise, and consistently high quality solutions, Swiff Electronics aims to generate enough satisfied repeat customers to provide a stable retainer base. This will generates sufficient profit to provide a comfortable living for the owner. †¢ Mission – The short term objective is to start this company quickly and inexpensively, with minimum debt. The long term objective is to grow the company into a stable and profitable entity that the owner can easily and comfortably manage. Marketing Slogan – â€Å"Spot Charge where ever, when ever! † Keys to Success The keys to success for Swiff Electronics are: †¢ Marketing and Networking (getting the name out there). †¢ Responsiveness (being an on-call supplier paramedic with fast response time). †¢ Quality (getting the job done right the first time, offering 99. 9% or greater guarantee). †¢ Rel ationships (developing loyal repeat customers – retainers). Analysis of the business environment ____________________________________ Jamaica’s telecommunication sector is dominated by three major players, and a number of small entities that presently supply all the electronic accessories that Jamaican’s my need for there cell phone. It has been observed however that none of these companies provide the ease or accessibility of charging your phone â€Å"where you want, when you want†, Thus the reason why Swiff Electronics has been developed. Over the past five years, the rate of failure of industries in Jamaica has remains relatively steady, and the implementation of new businesses and organization has marginally increased. Swiff Electronics will be a new organization that is not yet established and has not yet developed its clientele. However the fact that the market for call phones keeps growing, as manufactures aim to convert a product that was once used only for communication, to a new revolutionized product that consist of attention grabbing entertainment. The need to keep the batteries of these fascinating gadgets charged â€Å"Where ever, when ever† has arisen, Thus giving Swiff Electrons the operation to be very profitable once the right marketing approach is taken. You read "Final Business Plan" in category "Papers" Presently there are trend that are been experienced in the industry which are classified as positive or negative depending on the effects these trend have on particular businesses. These trends include: †¢ Positive *implementation of additional features to the ordinary phones *Reducing the size of the gadgets *Reduction in pricing causing more individuals to be able to afford a phone †¢ Negative *modification of batteries to have longer life *Developing unique charging outlet that would be difficult to source Over the past year the population of the marketing community has been generally stable based on results obtained form the Statistical Institute of Jamaica. The attitude of the community toward the business has been favorable as the results were seen in a feasibility study that was done in and around the marketing community. Description of product ____________________________________ The Spot Charge, as its name implies is a miniature device, very handy portable charger which is operated on a single AA battery and is able to power up any cell phone batter in minutes. Pretty compacted and stylish, the Spot charge is like a tube and is small enough to be fitted anywhere. So be it anywhere in the world, you can charge up your phone battery anytime by just plugging one end of the Spot Charge adapter into the unit and the other into the cell your phone. Not only will it charge the battery, thanks to its design you can handle your cell phone while it is charging. There is a blue light at one end of the Spot charge that indicates when cell phones is being charge, and if the light goes out simply replace the battery. Spot Charge is ideal during power outages and when camping, hiking or sailing. It gives you the opportunity to make and receive calls as soon as you plug it in. This device is able to power up a cell phone for two hour of talk time or 40 hours of standby time on one AA battery (included). It â€Å"Trickle† charges an average cell phone in 1 ? hours, and comes with a charging adapter that is compatible with: Motorola (Motorola ROKR, Motorola RAZR) Audiovox Kyocera Samsung Nokia Sanyo Sony Ericsson LG cell phone – even Blackberry PDAs! Spot Charge 3† long x ? diameter and weigh less than 1 oz. Analysis of the competition ____________________________________ Based on preliminary investigation and survey of the market, there were no companies or organizations supplying the product that we are introducing to this market area, Therefore when it comes to identical portable chargers like the Spot Charger there are no real competitors. There are however products that provi des that same services as the Spot Charge. These products includes car charger, house hold chargers, which are provided by the following companies. Cable and Wireless ? Digicel ? Centennial Miphone ____________________________________________________________ ____________ ____________________________________________________________ _____________ Production selection Market share Product Quality Quality of service Amount of advertising and production Pricing Workforce turnover Workforce Financial condition Level of debt Equipment Production capacity ____________________________________________________________ _____________ Pricing Strategies ____________________________________ The pricing strategy that Swiff Electronics will be using is to initially undercut our main competitors by selling our product with a small profit of 3%, using a market penetration strategy. Then after getting a share in the market, pricing will be adjusted to be directly competitive with our other major competitors. Swiff Electronics will also maximize sale by spreading the name of the company and products offered by taking part I seasonal sales that will comprise: ? The use of coupons ? Bundle pricing This will be done to capture the attention of the public in the peak shopping seasons. For customers who purchase our product and require the product to be shipped to then, Swiff electronics will comply with these requests; however the total price of the product will now include the additional cost for shipping. Credit Policy Swiff electronics credit policy will not be the regular policies that we know exist in the business world. What we will be introducing is a policy called â€Å"cash on delivery†, what this therefore means is that we deliver the goods and our customers will pay us on the spot. Considering the kind of product we are introducing to the market and that we have no real competition there is no doubt that this policy will work. No other product in Jamaica can do what the spot charge does. This is certainly an advantage in the business that gives us the opportunity to do with our product whatever pleases. Competitive advantage There are no real competitors because Spot charge is new to the market but what we have are potential competitors. The advantages expected would be compared to businesses offering services that are not exactly like Swiff electronics. The quality, price, location and turnaround of the business will all be an advantage over potential competitors. The quality of the product is second to none and the price compares to that of the cost of items that would provide similar service (car charger, regular phone charger etc. ) but the advantage we have is that none of those items are portable and discrete as the spot charge. Market segmentation The market segmentation is divided into the leading target markets. The division reflects the differences in marketing strategy that will be used to target each different market. The â€Å"yuppies† who enjoy being the first on their block to have a new, â€Å"chic† and â€Å"hip† product. †¢ The â€Å"yuppies† who follow trends and buy products that everyone else has. †¢ Older adults who simply use and depend on their cell phone for business or pleasure. †¢ Average college students who seeks convenience while indulging in entertainment. â₠¬ ¢ Technologically advance senior citizens. †¢ The individual who engage in long distance trips who are plagued by dead battery. †¢ Market analysis Potential | | | |Customers |Expected growth |Approximate numbers | | |2% |10,000 | |New | | | |Yuppies | | | | |3% |20,000 | |Trend | | | |Yuppies | | | | |2% |10,000 | |Older | | | |Adults | | | | |5% |15,000 | |College | | | |Students | | | | |1% |2,000 | |Senior | | | |Citizen | | | | |3. % |5,000 | |Other | | | | |16. 5% |47,000 | |Total | | | Description of Location ____________________________________ Based on results gathered from a feasibility study that was done regarding or product â€Å"Spot Charge†. Majority of the individuals who would welcome Spot Charge a part of their daily routine resides outside the metropolitan area of down town Kingston. A decision was agreed on by all executive members to locate the first business outlet of Swiff Electronics, within close proximity of the heart of down town Kingston. This would give us an advantage to bring Spot Charge closer to those who have a higher level in interest in the product. A Survey of the down town area was also carried out, to find out in which area Swiff Electronics would be more profitable. The result of that survey led us to source a shop space that is located at 13 Duke Street. Duke Street is one of the most busiest streets, in the down town area that Is not only populated by commercial entities but also other small businesses that are doing exceptionally well, which is as a result of their location. With Swiff Electronics being a new kid on the block and the only Electronic/cell phone accessory dealer, we are expecting to welcome a number of curious shopper as well as individuals who are knowledgeable about our product and services. Promotional Plan ____________________________________ The ultimate promotional goal of Swiff electronics is to: †¢ To communication with the target group and create awareness and interest in the service Spot Charge has to offer. To increase the use of Spot Charge, hence eliminate the break in communication associated with dead cell phone batteries. †¢ To acquire an increase in revenue. †¢ To enhance name recognition There are many ways to market the service offered by the product Spot Charge, however, the strateg ies listed below represent a few cost-effective ways to accomplish the marketing objective. Communication Mix In communicating with the target group, we will use a combination of communication channels such as advertising, publicity, promotions and personal selling. Because people need to hear a message many times from a variety of sources, we will employ a combination of these with a variety of approaches. Advertising Strategy |Management Implementation |Funding | | |Tasks |Responsibility |Time Frame | | |Utilization of Monitors( big screen |Identify what monitors are available in areas | |Ongoing | | |TV) that are placed in prime areas |frequented by course coordinators |Promotions Committee | | | |eg Libraries, supermarkets and |Identify message content | | | | |universities and schools etc. | | | | | |Banner in campus cafes and other |investigate possibility with cafes to pay |Promotions Committee |April– June 2007 | | |strategic locations |what message (link with Free coffee promotion | | | | | |below) | | | | |Television ads. Radio advertisement |Develop appropriate ads emphasizing the |Promotions Committee |Ongoing | | | |benefits of owning a Spot Charge | | | | Publicity |Strategy |Management Implementation |Funding | | |Tasks |Responsibility |Time Frame | | |Donate time and funds to |Identify charitable organizations and investigate |Promotions Committee |July 2007 | | |charitable organization such as|possible ways of offering time and funding. | | | |Children homes and Juvenile | | | | | |Correctional centers | | | | | |Writing articles for the local |Produce article with relevant information on the |Promotions Committee |July 2007 | | |newspaper concerning grand |benefits of Spot Charge | | | | |entrance of Spot Charge | | | | | Promotions |Strategy |Management Implementation |Funding | | |Tasks |Responsibility |Time Frame | | |Presentation of promotional |Letter text printing/ Design brochures. |Promotions Committee |End of August 200 7 | | |product, letter, and brochures |Investigate associated cost. | | | | |at well developed companies, |Print brochures. | | | |Shopping centers and other | | | | | |frequently visited locations | | | | | |Incentive promotion with phone |Investigate how it will work and ways to verify |Promotions Committee |September 2007 | | |companies- get product at |eligibility | | | | |discounted price with the | | | | | |purchase of any phone. | | | | |Web site |web site of resources and information about Spot |Promotions Committee |September 2007 | | | |Charge and generic attributes | | | | |Video message on web or email |Investigate costs how to do this |Promotions Committee |September 2007 | | | |Identify a key message we wish to use it to | | | | | |deliver. | | | | Management and personnel Swiff Electronics is currently not hiring any employees. The decision has been made to postpone hiring until the company begins to succeed. After approximately one year, there employees will be adde d to the current five. |Organizational Structure | | Swiff Electronics is split functionality, In that each division of the company is managed by one of the co-owner of the group. |Management Team | | Dexroy Jones is the managing director, and founder of Swiff electronics. Jones was president of production at Swiss Army Watches before he decided to return to his native home land to start his own company. He graduated from the University of Technology Jamaica, and received an MBA at The Florida International University. Calford Ramsay: head of Marketing and Human Resources division. He has worked and co-owned Wright and Ramsay, an advertising agency, for fifteen years. Ramsay received a BA and MBA from University of Technology Jamaica â€Å"UTech†. Dwayne McKay McIntoch: Head of product development division. He was previously vice president of operations at Greentree Sports in Phoenix, AZ. He received his BA from Caribbean Maritime Institute Jamaica â€Å"CMI† and his MBA from UCLA. Keyon Hinds: Financial Controller and head of administration. He was previously financial controller of French Collection for United Kingdom †FCUK† for seven years. He has returned home to provide his knowledge and expertise in the building of Swiff Electronics. He received his BA at the University of Technology Jamaica and a MBA at Cambridge University. |Kirkpatrick Binns: Operation manager. Binns is the owner of Legendary Manufactures and has worked as operation manager for six years at Docks producers in | |Martha’s Vineyard. He has received a B. Sc. at the University of Technology Jamaica and a MBA at Texas AM University. | | | | |Management Team Gaps | | The following important gaps exist: †¢ The present team has little sales experience. †¢ There is no current in-house designer – this should be corrected within a year. †¢ There is no i nternational manager. †¢ Personnel The personnel plan calls for adding three employees by the end of the first year for a total of eight. After the second year, employment is expected to increase by another four. These new employees will go into production and sales. Swiff Electronics aims to provide the finest services to its employees. In fulfilling this aim the company provides benefits for all full time employees which include: ? Health plan ? Life insurance ? pension plan The company also observes all public calendar holidays. For public holidays, salary paid employees will receive a day off, and hourly paid employee will receive double pay for the hours worked on these days. All employees are also entitled to three sick days per month however only full time employees will receive pay for these periods. Vacation time is available for all employees having being with the company for a minimum of one year. The following give detail has to how the time is allotted: |NUMBER |VACATION | |OF YEARS |TIME (working days) | |1 |5 | |2 – 4 |14 | |4 and over |28 | For employees who may experience a death in the family they will be eligible for additional days off. For death within the immediate family, employees will receive 4 working days off (spouse, children, parent etc. , and 2 working days off for other members of the family (cousin, uncle, aunt etc. ). The company will also present a floral presentation to the team member who has experience such tragedy. Swiff Electronics hiring policies are governed by: ? Title VII of the Civil Rights Acts ? Age Discrimination Law ? The Americans with Disability Act ? The Family Leave Act As the company gives equal opportunity to all applicants irrespective of the colour of their skin, religious believe, age, nationality, disability and sexual orientation. Organizational Chart [pic] Work Schedule [pic] Work period April 9, 2007 – April 15 , 2007 Approved by_________________________ | |Names | |ITEM |QUANTITY NEEDED |PRICE FOR EACH |TOTAL PRICE | |Desk |5 |4080 |20400 | |Chairs |8 |3200 |25600 | |Shelving |9 |3700 |33300 | |Lounge chairs |3 |6900 |20700 | | | | | | |Total for furniture and fixtures |100000 | Machinery / Equipment | |Computers |3 |40000 |120000 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Total for machinery and equipment |120000 | |Checklist for start-up cost |Inventory | |57,866,000 | |Furniture and fixtures | |100,000 | |Machinery and equipment | |120,000 | |Prepaid expenses | | | |Insurance |150,000 | | |Grand opening advertising |70,000 | | |Legal fees |80,000 | | |Accounting fees | | | |Employees wages |300,000 | | |Other | | | |Total prepaid expenses | |600,000 | |deposits | | | |lease |120,000 | | |Utility | | | |Tax |994,500 | | |other |50,000 | | |Total deposits | |1,299,500 | |Building and renovation | | | |If purchased | | | |Sales price | | |Construction /renovation | | | |If le ased | | | |Leasehold improvements | | | |Total location cost | |0 | |Working capital | | | |Owners salary |500,000 | | |Employees salary | | | |Employee taxes | | | |Rent | | | |Advertising | | | |Utilities | | | |Supplies | | | |Telephone | | | |Legal/accounting fees | | | |Loan payment | | | |Repairs/maintenance | | | |Auto/travel expenses | | | |inventory | | | |miscellaneous | | | |Total working capital | |500,000 | |Total Start-up cost 60,350,500 | Financing 1. What are your total start-up costs? $ 60,350,500 2. How much will you invest from personal funds? $350,000 3. How much will you obtain in other equity? 0 4. How much will you borrow? $60,000,000 Bank loan$ 5,000,000 Borrowed for 5 years at 17% interest Finance companies $55,000,000 Borrowed for 7 years at 16. 45% Opening Day Balance Sheet Assets Current assets Cash (working capital)500,000 Supplies Prepaid expenses465,000 Inventory 57,866,000 Total current assets$ 58,831,000 Fixed assets Furniture/fixtures100,000 Machinery/equipment120,000 Renovations Total fixed assets 220,000 Total assets$ 59,051,000 Liabilities Current liabilities Long term debt 60,000,000 Total current liabilities Long term liabilities Total long term$ 60,000,000 Total liabilities$ 60,000,000 Equity Total liabilities and equity Projected Income Statement Sales |72,332,500 | |cost of goods sold | | |beginning inventory |0 | |+ purchases |57,866,000 | |+ freight |0 | |- ending inventory |0 | |= cost of goods sold |57,866,000 | | | | |Gross margin |14,466,500 | |Expenses | | |Employee wages |300,000 | |Legal |80,000 | |Advertising |95,000 | |Rent |120,000 | |Depreciation | | |Supplies | |Utili ties |5000 | |Telephone |3300 | |Interest | | |Repairs | | |Taxes |994,500 | |Insurance |150,000 | |Miscellaneous | | |Total expenses |1,747,800 | |Net profit |12,718,700 | |Less: income | -3,179,675 | |Less: self employed tax | -890,309 | |Net profit after tax |8,648,716 | |Jan |Feb | |Rent |120,000 | | |Telephone | |3,300 | |Legal | 80,000 | | |Insurance |150,000 | | |Total |350,000 |3,300 | Determine breakeven Contribution margin Projected sales for first year$ 198,738,715 Gross margin$ 173,598,000 Contribution margin =. 87 Break even Total fixed expense4,200,000 Contribution margin0. 87 Break even point BE= 4,200,000/0. 87 = $4,827,586. 21 Legalities ____________________________________ Swiff Electronics is a partnership or limited liability company. The decision to choose this organization form is as a result of legalities that surround our organization. Being a limited liability organization gives us the opportunity to pull together the needed funding as well as a profound and well grounding decision making team. Calfrod Ramsay the Marking manager is currently in discussion with the producers of our product, making agreement to be the main distributor of the Spot Charge within our marketing environment. With that agreement finalize no other company would have legal right to purchase or be a distributor for the manufacture of Spot Charge within this market. Insurance Requirements ____________________________________ In ensuring the safety of our employees and property is . Swiff Suppliers ____________________________________ Swiff Electronics source all its products from Teqtronics Manufacturing located in China. Although there are not the only suppliers, Teqtronics has proven to be more consistent in their business agreements and the quality of the product they offer. They are also the only producers of the brand and type of Spot Charge that we will be marketing. The credit terms offered by Teqtronics are unbeatable and they give us the opportunity to choose the quantity of products we would like to order based on the demand of our customers. Uncontrollable risks ____________________________________ There are a number of uncontrollable risks that plagues new businesses that are now on the list of Swiff Electronics. These risks include: ? Natural disasters – Hurricanes – Storms – Flood etc. ? Rate of inflation ? Changes in technology ? Changes in consumer tasks and life style ? New competition ? The continuous decrease in value of our dollar vs. our counterparts Conclusion ____________________________________ [pic] ———————– Managing Director Dexroy Jones Financial Controller/ Administration Keon Hinds Marketing and HR Manager Calford Ramsay Product Development Dwayne McKay McIntoch Marketing and sales TBA Operations manager Kirkpatrick Binns Administrative Assistant TBA Marketing and Sales TBA How to cite Final Business Plan, Papers

Corporate Social Responsibility Important â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: What Is Corporate Social Responsibility Important To Businesses Today? Answer: Introducation The above article is published in the International Journal of Management Reviews. The article talks about the role of corporate social responsibility in businesses today. The article conducts a literature review and describes how CSR activities of organisations help them to develop a corporate image and enhance and strengthen the relationship between the organisation and stakeholders (Du et al., 2010). The article suggests that to reap the benefits of CSR and maximise CSR returns, companies must communicate their CSR activities effectively. The article also provides a framework for effective CSR communication so as to maximise returns. The above article gives various examples of successful CSR communication and its benefits. The article provides an overview of the benefits of CSR for businesses and how they can maximise these benefits. The article focuses on the role of CSR in enhancing the stakeholder relationships for businesses in todays environment. The article can be used in explaining the benefits of CSR activities for businesses. The article will help in recommending organizations about maximizing CSR returns by building an effective stakeholder communication (Du et al., 2010). Moreover, the article is important in explaining the core functions of CSR that will help an organization in building a strong corporate image and reaps the benefits of conducting and communicating CSR activities. Carroll, A. Shabana, K., 2010. The Business Case for Corporate Social Responsibility: A Review of Concepts, Research and Practice. International Journal of Management Reviews, 12(1). The article has recently appeared in the International Journal of Management Review. The article attempts to describe a business case by using the concepts, practices and research in the field of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). The primary idea behind formulating a business case is to understand what organizations gain by engaging in CSR activities. It aims at describing the tangible benefits of CSR policies, activities and the reason why CSR has become a core function for organizations today (Carroll Shabana, 2010). The article also evaluates the ideas and arguments for and against responsibility of business towards society. The primary focus of the paper is to develop a business case for CSR activities, where the authors analyze the tangible benefits of CSR for the organizations in todays environment. The article conducts a literature review to analyze the changing environment in which organizations have greater responsibilities towards society and these responsibilities are beyond, profit-generation and maximizing financial accounting gains (Carroll Shabana, 2010). The article contributes to the field of CSR research and practice, by defining the real purpose of CSR activities in businesses today. The article is important because it will help in describing the reason why businesses must focus on conducting CSR activities. The article suggests that businesses must become responsible towards the society and must accelerate their CSR activities beyond the traditional ideas. The article opens doors for further research in revolutionizing CSR activities. Tilt, C., 2016. Corporate social responsibility research: the importance of context. International Journal of Corporate Social Responsibility, 1(2). The article has recently been published in the International Journal of Corporate Social Responsibility in the year 2016. The article emphasizes the importance of context in the field of corporate social responsibility (CSR) Research. Recently, reporting of CSR activities has gained much importance, and most research studies focus on the advantages of CSR and CSR reporting in developing and developed countries (Tilt, 2016). The article suggests that it is important to investigate the contextual factors which largely influence CSR reporting. The article argues that rather than relying on the CSR theories developed in West, CSR reporting in developing nations should be studies with respect to contextual factors. The article suggests that the developing nations have completely different political scenarios, cultural, social and legal influences than developed countries and hence, these factors interfere with the application of western theories (like stakeholder theory and accountability theory), which are most commonly used theories in explaining CSR reporting (Tilt, 2016). The primary focus of the article is on the influence of contextual factors in CSR reporting activities and policies (Tilt, 2016). The article argues that the contextual factors must be considered in CSR reporting in developing countries as the political, legal, cultural and social contexts in developing countries differ largely from that of developed countries. The article highlights an important and recent topic in CSR research and practice. CSR accounting has gained much importance in recent years in the field of CSR research, and the article contributes towards enhancing the CSR accounting in developing countries. The articles aims at improving the CSR research in developing nations and supports future research in the field of CSR in emerging economies. Momin, M. Parker, L., 2013. Motivations for corporate social responsibility reporting by MNC subsidiaries in an emerging country: The case of Bangladesh. The British Accounting Review, 45(3), pp.215-28. The article has recently appeared in the British Accounting Review Journal in the year 2013. The article discusses the CSR reporting in Multi National Companies (MNC) subsidiaries. Today, MNCs have established their subsidiaries in emerging countries. Most research in CSR field focuses on the CSR reporting in MNC organizations, however, the CSR reporting in MNC subsidiaries is sidelined (Momin Parker, 2013). The article focuses on the motivations that influence the CSR reporting in MNC subsidiaries by exploring the case in Bangladesh. The article conducts a literature review of the CSR reporting activities in MNCs, by using a case study method. The article suggests that internal legitimacy is the primary motivation in CSR reporting practices in MNC subsidiaries. The primary focus of the article is on finding the motivations for reporting in MNC subsidiaries. Since there is very less research in the field of CSR reporting in MNC subsidiaries and it is not known whether the CSR reporting practices are based on host country norms or parent country policies (Momin Parker, 2013). The study reveals that CSR reporting practices in MNC subsidiaries are limited and not fully explored and provides a framework for effective CSR reporting in MNC subsidiaries. The article largely contributes towards the current CSR research practice. The current CSR research practice focuses on the CSR initiatives and reporting activities in MNC subsidiaries in developing nations. The article opens doors for future research in CSR reporting research (Momin Parker, 2013). Asemah, E., Okpanachi, R. Edegoh, L., 2013. Business Advantages of Corporate Socila Responsibility: A Critical review. New Media and Mass Communication, 18, pp.45-56. The article has appeared in the Journal of New Media and Mass Communication recently. The article highlights the advantages of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). The paper reviews the stakeholder theory and the CSR iron law (Asemah et al., 2013). The article conducts a critical review of previous research studies in the field of CSR research and suggests that, enhanced corporate image, attracts new customers, improves the relationships with the stakeholders and investors, fosters innovations and ethics, and also improves access to capital. By reviewing the business advantages of CSR, the article encourages organizations to continuously undertake and improve CSR activities. The primary focus of the article is on highlighting the important advantages of conducting CSR activities (Asemah et al., 2013). The article suggests that fulfilling the responsibility towards the community, environment, and society, business organizations will gain various benefits. s The article is important contribution towards current CSR research and encourages various organizations to actively engage in CSR activities. The article is an important contribution in the field of CSR research and supports future research in evaluating the benefits of CSR research and practices (Asemah et al., 2013). The article can be effectively used in describing the concepts and practices of CSR and also in evaluating the tangible benefits of CSR activities for business organizations in the current scenario. References Asemah, E., Okpanachi, R. Edegoh, L., 2013. Business Advantages of Corporate Socila Responsibility: A Critical review. New Media and Mass Communication, 18, pp.45-56. Carroll, A. Shabana, K., 2010. The Business Case for Corporate Social Responsibility: A Review of Concepts, Research and Practice. International Journal of Management Reviews, 12(1). Du, S., Bhattacharya, C. Sen, S., 2010. Maximizing Business Returns to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): The Role of CSR Communication. International Journal of Management Reviews, 12(1). Fifka, M., 2011. Corporate Responsibility Reporting and its Determinants in Comparative Perspective a Review of the Empirical Literature and a Meta-analysis. usiness Strategy and the Environment, 22(1). Mishra, S. Suar, D., 2010. Does Corporate Social Responsibility Influence Firm Performance of Indian Companies? Journal of Business Ethics, 95(4), pp.571-601. Momin, M. Parker, L., 2013. Motivations for corporate social responsibility reporting by MNC subsidiaries in an emerging country: The case of Bangladesh. The British Accounting Review, 45(3), pp.215-28. Sharma, Y., 2013. Role of Corporate Social Responsibility in Organizations. IOSR Journal of Business and Management, 13(4), pp.1-8. Tilt, C., 2016. Corporate social responsibility research: the importance of context. International Journal of Corporate Social Responsibility, 1(2).